Economists working in the UK government play a key role in shaping public policies and advising ministers on economic matters. Their work includes analysing economic data, forecasting economic trends, evaluating the impact of policies, and providing evidence-based recommendations to support decision-making. Government economists are involved in issues like taxation, employment, environmental policy, international trade, and public spending. They often produce reports, briefings, and presentations for senior officials and contribute to the development of strategies that affect millions of people across the country. Strong analytical, numerical, and communication skills are essential in this career.
Government economists in the UK typically earn between £28,000 and £75,000 per year, with senior positions reaching over £90,000.
There are over 1,500 economists employed across UK government departments, such as HM Treasury, Department for Work and Pensions, and the Bank of England.
Most government economist roles require at least a 2:1 undergraduate degree in economics or a closely related subject.
Public policy analysts use economic data and research to advise government officials on the potential impacts of proposed policies, helping to shape decisions on issues like healthcare, education, and the environment.
Government economic advisors provide specialist advice to ministers and senior officials on economic trends, forecasts, and the likely effects of government spending, taxation, and regulation.
Fiscal policy specialists focus specifically on government budgets, taxation, and public spending, ensuring that government finances are managed effectively to support economic growth and stability.
Focus on subjects such as Mathematics, Economics, and English at GCSE and A Level to prepare for university study.
Good grades in Maths and Economics are particularly valued, as they provide the analytical and quantitative skills needed for an economics degree. If your school offers statistics or business studies, these can also be useful. Participation in debating clubs or essay competitions can improve your communication and critical thinking skills.
Apply for an undergraduate degree in Economics, or closely related subjects such as PPE (Philosophy, Politics, and Economics), or Maths.
Top universities may require A-level Maths for entry to Economics courses. During your degree, you will cover topics such as microeconomics, macroeconomics, statistics, and econometrics. Consider taking modules in public policy or government to strengthen your knowledge for a government role.
Apply for internships or summer placements with government departments, think tanks, or policy research organisations.
Programmes such as the Government Economic Service (GES) summer placement scheme provide hands-on experience working alongside professional economists. This experience helps you understand the practical application of economic theory and builds your professional network.
Join economics societies, debating teams, or volunteering opportunities that develop communication and analytical skills.
Taking leadership roles in societies or participating in policy competitions gives you a chance to hone your teamwork, presentation, and research skills. These are all highly valued in government roles where economists must clearly communicate complex ideas.
Apply to the Government Economic Service (GES) or Civil Service Fast Stream for economist positions.
The GES is the largest recruiter of economists in the UK, offering structured entry routes into government roles. The Civil Service Fast Stream also provides opportunities for recent graduates to develop leadership skills and gain broad experience across departments.
Continue your learning through on-the-job training and consider postgraduate study or professional qualifications.
Many government economists pursue a Master’s degree in Economics or Public Policy to deepen their expertise. Ongoing professional development, such as attending seminars or joining the Society of Professional Economists, can help you stay updated with the latest research and policy trends.
Explore relevant apprenticeships that can help you kickstart your career in Economist (Government). Apprenticeships offer hands-on experience and training while earning a wage.
An Economist (Government) often works within government departments in analytical and advisory roles, which aligns closely with the responsibilities of a Civil Service executive officer. Both positions require a strong understanding of public policy, data analysis, and the functioning of government institutions.
You can get into this job through:
You could apply to join the Civil Service after doing a foundation degree, higher national diploma or degree, although a university qualification is not essential.
The Summer Internship Programme and the Civil Service Care Leavers Internship Scheme, offer undergraduates an insight into working in the Civil Service.
You'll usually need:
You could apply for a place on a higher or degree level apprenticeship with the Civil Service.
The apprenticeship you work towards will depend on the role and business area you work in.
You'll usually need:
You could start as an administrative officer. After gaining experience, you could apply for a post as an executive officer when vacancies become available.
You can apply directly for jobs. You'll be expected to have relevant work or life experience to do this.
You'll be assessed on your skills, knowledge and behaviours that fit in with the values of the Civil Service, as part of the application process.
If you're a graduate or in your final year of university, you can apply for a place on the Fast Stream scheme. Competition for places is very strong, so a degree with a higher grade and work experience will help you.
Your degree can be in any subject, though some Civil Service departments may prefer a degree in a subject that is relevant to their work, for example science and engineering.
Movement to Work offers work experience opportunities in the Civil Service for unemployed young people.
You can find out more about working in the Civil Service from Civil Service Careers.
Explore other careers or use our AI to discover personalised paths based on your interests.
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