Economists working in the UK government play a vital role in shaping public policy and advising ministers on economic issues such as taxation, public spending, employment, and economic growth. Their work involves analysing data, preparing reports, forecasting economic trends, and evaluating the impact of government policies on the economy. Government economists often work in departments such as HM Treasury, the Department for Work and Pensions, or the Department for Business and Trade. They use statistical techniques and economic models to provide evidence-based advice, supporting decisions that affect millions of people across the country. The role requires strong analytical skills, attention to detail, and the ability to communicate complex ideas clearly to non-specialists.
Government economists in the UK typically earn between £28,000 and £55,000 per year, with senior roles reaching £70,000 or more.
The UK Civil Service recruits hundreds of economists each year, with over 1,500 economists currently working in government departments.
Many government economist roles are filled by graduates, with the Government Economic Service (GES) Fast Stream receiving over 2,000 applications annually.
Works on analysing government policies, assessing their economic impact and making recommendations for improvements.
Provides expert economic advice to government departments, helping to shape policies on issues such as taxation, welfare, and public spending.
Specialises in evaluating the economic aspects of transport policies and projects, such as new railway lines or road improvements, for government bodies.
Choose economics, maths, and related subjects at A-level to build a strong foundation.
Economics is not always required at A-level, but taking it will give you a useful introduction to key concepts. Maths is highly recommended because economic analysis often involves statistics and data. Consider also subjects like politics or history for broader context.
Apply for a university degree in economics or a closely related subject, such as PPE or statistics.
Most economist roles in government require at least a 2.1 degree in economics or a strongly quantitative subject. Some combined courses, such as Politics, Philosophy and Economics (PPE), may also be accepted if they include enough economics and quantitative modules.
Study for a master’s in economics or a specialist field for more advanced roles.
While not always required for entry-level jobs, a master’s can set you apart for more technical or senior positions. Look for courses accredited by the Government Economic Service, and consider specialising in areas such as econometrics or public policy.
Develop your skills in handling data and using statistical software such as Excel, R, or Stata.
Government economists often work with large datasets and need to use specialist software to analyse information and create models. Many universities offer modules in data analysis, and there are free online tutorials for learning packages like R or Stata.
Apply for internships or work experience schemes, such as those offered by the Government Economic Service.
Work experience provides insight into the day-to-day work of government economists and helps you build a network. The Government Economic Service (GES) offers summer placements and internships, which are highly competitive but valuable for your CV.
Submit your application to the GES Fast Stream or other entry-level economist roles.
The GES Fast Stream is a structured graduate development programme with placements in different government departments. You will need to complete online tests, an application form, and an assessment centre. Look out for other government entry-level economist roles on the Civil Service Jobs website.
Practise for the assessment centre and interviews, focusing on analytical and communication skills.
Assessment typically includes written exercises, presentations, and interviews. You may be given real economic issues to analyse, so keep up with current events and practise explaining complex ideas clearly.
Policy analysts research and evaluate government policies, using data and evidence to recommend improvements or new initiatives.
Statisticians in the public sector collect, analyse, and interpret data to inform government decision-making and official statistics.
Financial analysts in government assess financial data, budget plans, and economic forecasts to support public sector financial management.
Explore relevant apprenticeships that can help you kickstart your career in Economist (Government). Apprenticeships offer hands-on experience and training while earning a wage.
An Economist (Government) typically holds a position within government, often requiring analytical skills, understanding of public policy, and economic knowledge. Civil Service executive officers also work within government departments, supporting policy development and implementation, making this role closely aligned in terms of qualification level and organisational context.
You can get into this job through:
You could apply to join the Civil Service after doing a foundation degree, higher national diploma or degree, although a university qualification is not essential.
The Summer Internship Programme and the Civil Service Care Leavers Internship Scheme, offer undergraduates an insight into working in the Civil Service.
You'll usually need:
You could apply for a place on a higher or degree level apprenticeship with the Civil Service.
The apprenticeship you work towards will depend on the role and business area you work in.
You'll usually need:
You could start as an administrative officer. After gaining experience, you could apply for a post as an executive officer when vacancies become available.
You can apply directly for jobs. You'll be expected to have relevant work or life experience to do this.
You'll be assessed on your skills, knowledge and behaviours that fit in with the values of the Civil Service, as part of the application process.
If you're a graduate or in your final year of university, you can apply for a place on the Fast Stream scheme. Competition for places is very strong, so a degree with a higher grade and work experience will help you.
Your degree can be in any subject, though some Civil Service departments may prefer a degree in a subject that is relevant to their work, for example science and engineering.
Movement to Work offers work experience opportunities in the Civil Service for unemployed young people.
You can find out more about working in the Civil Service from Civil Service Careers.
Explore other careers or use our AI to discover personalised paths based on your interests.
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