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Air Traffic Controller

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Air traffic controllers are responsible for the safe and efficient movement of aircraft in UK airspace and at airports. Their main duties include giving pilots instructions for take-off and landing, monitoring aircraft positions using radar and radio communication, and ensuring that planes maintain safe distances from each other. The role requires excellent concentration, quick decision-making, and strong communication skills. Air traffic controllers often work in control towers at airports or in area control centres. The job can be demanding, as it involves working shifts, including nights, weekends, and public holidays, to keep air traffic moving safely at all times.

Air Traffic Controller

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📊 Statistics

Average Salary

Air traffic controllers in the UK typically earn between £37,000 and £100,000 per year, depending on experience and location.

Number of Positions

There are around 2,000 air traffic controllers employed in the UK, with recruitment managed mainly by NATS (National Air Traffic Services).

Training Duration

Training to become a fully qualified air traffic controller usually takes about three years, including both classroom study and on-the-job experience.

🚀 Careers in this path

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Area Air Traffic Controller

Responsible for directing aircraft flying at high altitudes between airports, ensuring safe distances between planes over large areas.

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Approach Controller

Manages aircraft as they approach an airport, guiding them safely towards the runway for landing.

Aerodrome Controller

Works from the airport control tower to coordinate the safe movement of aircraft on the ground and during take-off and landing.

Research and Basic Requirements

Understand the Role

Learn what Air Traffic Controllers do, where they work, and the responsibilities involved.

Air Traffic Controllers work in control towers, area control centres, and approach control rooms. Their main job is to ensure aircraft move safely and efficiently through assigned airspace and on runways. They must remain calm under pressure and have excellent communication skills.

Check Entry Requirements

Find out the eligibility criteria, including age, health, and nationality restrictions.

In the UK, you usually need to be at least 18 years old and a UK or EU citizen (some exceptions may apply). You will need to pass strict medical and security checks, including vision and hearing standards. Good GCSEs (especially in English and maths) are often required.

Application and Assessment

Apply to NATS or Equivalent

Apply to the National Air Traffic Services (NATS) or other relevant organisations for training.

NATS is the main air navigation service provider in the UK. Applications are usually made online via their website. You will need to provide details of your qualifications and pass an initial screening process.

Complete Aptitude and Selection Tests

Take part in a series of tests to assess your skills in areas like problem-solving, spatial awareness, and communication.

These assessments are designed to test your ability to handle multiple tasks, think quickly, and make decisions under pressure. You may have to attend an assessment centre for in-person tests and interviews.

Training and Qualification

Undergo Intensive Training

Successful applicants will start a rigorous training programme to become a qualified Air Traffic Controller.

Training is usually provided by NATS at their training college in Hampshire and lasts around 12 to 18 months. The course covers both classroom-based learning and practical simulations, focusing on areas like airspace management, regulations, and emergency procedures.

Obtain an Air Traffic Controller Licence

Gain your licence after successfully passing the required exams and assessments.

After completing your training, you must pass practical and theoretical exams to receive your Air Traffic Controller Licence, which is regulated by the UK Civil Aviation Authority. You will then complete further training on the job at your assigned location.

Professional Development

Continue Learning and Specialise

Take opportunities to specialise in different types of control or move into supervisory roles.

With experience, you can train to work in approach or area control, or become a supervisor or trainer. Continuous professional development is encouraged, and there are regular refresher courses and assessments to keep your skills up to date.

🎯 View Apprenticeships

Explore relevant apprenticeships that can help you kickstart your career in Air Traffic Controller. Apprenticeships offer hands-on experience and training while earning a wage.

Career Progressions

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Sample Qualifications

Both roles require a thorough understanding of aviation operations, safety protocols, and the ability to analyse complex data and incidents. They also involve working closely with aviation authorities and ensuring safety standards are met, making them closely related in terms of qualifications and expertise.

How to become

You can get into this job through:

  • a university course
  • applying directly

University

You'll usually need a degree or postgraduate qualification in engineering or a related subject. Courses include:

  • aerospace engineering
  • aeronautical engineering
  • electrical or electronic engineering
  • mechanical engineering
  • physics
  • mathematics

You may be able to do a postgraduate course in safety and accident investigation, which covers air transport.

Some investigator roles look at the part played by human factors in an incident, and a degree and postgraduate qualification in psychology would be useful for these.

As well as a university qualification, you'll need several years experience of working in aircraft engineering.

A pilot's licence may also be required for some jobs, like an air accident operations inspector.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • 2 or 3 A levels, or equivalent, including maths
  • a degree in a relevant subject for postgraduate study

More Information

Direct Application

You can apply directly to become an air accident investigator.

If you want to work as an operations inspector, managing an accident response team, you’ll need a pilot’s licence and flying experience.

To be an engineering investigator or flight data recorder inspector, you’ll need a relevant degree or postgraduate qualification and several years’ recent experience in aerospace engineering.

You can also take short courses in accident investigation techniques, which may help broaden your knowledge of the role and skills required.

More Information

Further information

You can find out more about how to become an investigator from the Air Accidents Investigation Branch.

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