Penetration testers, sometimes known as ethical hackers, are cybersecurity professionals who simulate cyberattacks on computer systems, networks, and applications to identify and fix security vulnerabilities before malicious hackers can exploit them. They use a variety of tools and techniques to mimic real-world attacks, document their findings, and provide recommendations for improving security. Penetration testers often work for specialist security consultancies or large organisations with significant IT infrastructure. The role requires a strong understanding of IT systems, problem-solving skills, and a commitment to ethical standards, as well as keeping up to date with the latest cyber threats.
The average salary for a penetration tester in the UK ranges from £35,000 to £65,000 per year, with experienced professionals earning up to £90,000.
There were over 1,500 job postings for penetration testers in the UK in 2023, reflecting strong demand as organisations focus on cybersecurity.
Most entry-level roles require a degree in computer science, information security, or related fields, and many employers look for industry certifications such as CREST, OSCP, or CEH.
Focuses on identifying and fixing security vulnerabilities in websites and online applications, using specialised tools and techniques.
Specialises in testing and securing an organisation’s computer networks by simulating attacks and evaluating defences.
Works as part of a team that takes on the role of an attacker to test the effectiveness of an organisation’s security systems and response protocols.
Pursue GCSEs and A-levels in computer science, IT, or related subjects.
Having a solid understanding of computers, operating systems, and networks is essential for a career in penetration testing. Consider taking relevant GCSEs and progressing to A-levels or equivalent qualifications in IT or computer science. This will help you understand the basics of how computer systems work and interact.
Gain skills in networking, operating systems, and cyber security basics.
Start learning about how networks operate, including protocols, firewalls, and routers. Resources such as CompTIA Network+ or introductory online courses can be very helpful. Additionally, familiarise yourself with basic cyber security principles, such as data protection, malware, and encryption.
Practise ethical hacking using online labs and virtual environments.
There are many safe, legal platforms for practising penetration testing, such as Hack The Box, TryHackMe, or setting up your own virtual lab at home. These will allow you to test skills in real-world scenarios without any risk. Practising regularly helps to build confidence and skill in identifying and exploiting vulnerabilities.
Work towards entry-level cyber security certifications.
Certifications such as CompTIA Security+, Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH), or Offensive Security Certified Professional (OSCP) are highly regarded in the industry. These validate your skills and knowledge, and can make you stand out to potential employers. Many certifications also provide structured learning paths.
Look for positions such as junior penetration tester, IT security analyst, or cyber security trainee.
Gaining experience in a junior role allows you to build on your knowledge while learning from experienced professionals. These roles provide valuable exposure to real-world security issues and the opportunity to develop your skills further. Keep developing your skills and work towards more advanced penetration testing roles.
Engage with cyber security communities and attend industry events.
Being part of professional organisations, online forums, and attending conferences or meetups can help you stay updated on the latest trends and threats. Networking with others in the industry can lead to mentoring opportunities and job leads.
Please note that this may not be a comprehensive list of available apprenticeships. To view a more complete collection, visit the Find an apprenticeship service.
Click on any card to be redirected to their vacancy page.
FMS DATA CABLING LTD
( Added 07 Jul 2025 - 2 positions available )
VQ Solutions are looking for a hardworking, determined individual to join the growing team at FMS as a Network Cable Installer. FMS have an excellent track record of training and progressing their apprentices. You will work and train on-site with their time-served engineers on national projects throughout the UK.
Closing date: in 6 days
Possible start date: 27 Oct 2025
HEYGATES LIMITED
( Added 29 Jul 2025 - 1 position available )
A fantastic opportunity has become available for an IT support trainee to join the team, reporting to the Head of IT. This new and challenging role will give the opportunity to work with a wide range of enterprise technologies and potential to travel to other sites in the UK. An exciting and varied role.
Closing date: in 1 month
Possible start date: 13 Dec 2025
BUBBLE IT SOLUTIONS LTD
( Added 12 Aug 2025 - 1 position available )
As an IT Support Engineer Apprentice at Bubble IT, you’ll be the first point of contact for customers needing technical help. You’ll gain hands-on experience resolving a range of IT issues and developing your knowledge across hardware, software, and network support.
Closing date: in 16 days
Possible start date: 10 Nov 2025
BV Dairy
( Added 27 Aug 2025 - 1 position available )
First line business support, onsite, resolving issues such as forgotten passwords, connection and printing issues, and general problem identification. Covering customer service, system maintenance, and security, preparing you for more complex technical support roles.
Closing date: in 13 days
Possible start date: 03 Nov 2025
S B K COMPUTERS LTD
( Added 05 Sep 2025 - 1 position available )
Join SBK Computers Ltd, a friendly and trusted IT company that’s been supporting businesses in Derbyshire and South Yorkshire since 1998. As an apprentice, you’ll get hands-on experience fixing hardware, installing software, first-line support, and more. You will be working with a supportive team that has helped numerous apprentices learn and grow.
Closing date: in 2 days
Possible start date: 21 Oct 2025
FORESIGHT (NORTH EAST LINCOLNSHIRE)
( Added 08 Sep 2025 - 1 position available )
Are you organised, detail-oriented, and passionate about making a difference behind the scenes? As a Data Processor, you’ll play a key role in keeping things running smoothly, from managing vital records to coordinating services that support the community every day.
Closing date: in 21 days
Possible start date: 22 Nov 2025
INTERM IT (UK) LIMITED
( Added 08 Sep 2025 - 1 position available )
This is an IT Level 3 Apprenticeship role - split 80/20 between employment with the employer, and remote learning - gaining qualifications with Solveway Apprenticeships! We are looking for motivated, hard-working people who are passionate about technology. Our apprenticeship programme is intended for candidates who are looking for a career in IT.
Closing date: in 10 days
Possible start date: 29 Oct 2025
ENVERA TELECOMMUNICATIONS LIMITED
( Added 10 Sep 2025 - 3 positions available )
You will work closely with AI developers and project managers to implement cutting-edge automation solutions, utilizing platforms such as OpenAI, ChatGPT, Claude, Botpress, Zapier, and other LLMs. Additionally, you will be responsible for managing and optimizing Envera’s internal AI-driven systems and automations.
Closing date: in 3 days
Possible start date: 28 Oct 2025
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A Penetration Tester is responsible for assessing the security of computer systems and providing detailed findings, which is similar to a Test lead's role in managing and overseeing testing processes. Both positions require a strong understanding of testing methodologies, problem-solving skills, and the ability to identify vulnerabilities or issues to improve system security or functionality.
You can get into this job through:
You could do a degree or postgraduate course in:
You may have an advantage when you look for work if your degree includes a work placement, internship or a year in industry.
You'll usually need:
You could do a software tester higher apprenticeship or a digital technology solutions degree apprenticeship.
Then you'll need to get more experience as a software tester or similar job to become a test lead.
You'll usually need:
You could join a company as a software tester, for example through a graduate training scheme.
Once you have built up enough experience, you could apply for jobs as a test lead.
You could apply directly for jobs if you have 3 to 5 years' experience in software testing and quality assurance.
You may also find it helpful to have:
You'll find it useful to understand different types of project management, such as agile delivery.
You can find out more about careers in computing from The Chartered Institute for IT and techskills.
Explore other careers or use our AI to discover personalised paths based on your interests.
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