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Veterinary Surgeon

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A veterinary surgeon, often known simply as a vet, is a medical professional who diagnoses and treats illnesses, injuries, and diseases in animals. This can include pets like cats and dogs, farm animals, and even exotic species. Vets carry out surgical operations, prescribe medications, and advise owners on animal care and welfare. The role can be physically and emotionally demanding, but it is highly rewarding for those who are passionate about animal health. Vets work in private practices, animal hospitals, zoos, research facilities, and sometimes with government agencies. To become a vet in the UK, you must complete a recognised veterinary degree, which usually takes five to six years, and register with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS).

Veterinary Surgeon

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📊 Statistics

Average Salary

Veterinary surgeons in the UK typically earn between £32,000 and £65,000 per year, with experienced vets or those in specialist roles earning more.

Number of Registered Vets

As of 2023, there are over 24,000 registered veterinary surgeons in the United Kingdom.

Working Hours

Most vets work around 39 to 45 hours per week, with some positions requiring evening or weekend shifts.

🚀 Careers in this path

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Equine Veterinary Surgeon

A veterinary surgeon who specialises in diagnosing and treating horses, working in equine hospitals, stables, or racing yards.

Small Animal Veterinary Surgeon

A veterinary surgeon focused on caring for pets such as cats, dogs, rabbits, and other small animals, usually working in veterinary practices or clinics.

Veterinary Surgeon for Exotic Animals

A veterinary surgeon who works with exotic animals such as reptiles, birds, and zoo animals, often employed by zoos, wildlife parks, or specialist clinics.

Achieve Academic Qualifications

Obtain GCSEs and A-levels

Achieve strong GCSEs, including in English, Maths, and Science, followed by A-levels in Biology and one or two other sciences.

Most UK veterinary medicine courses require at least five GCSEs at grades 9 to 4 (A to C), including English, Maths, and Science. For A-levels, Biology is essential, and Chemistry is often required. High grades are important as veterinary courses are very competitive.

Secure Work Experience with Animals

Gain hands-on experience by volunteering or working with animals in settings such as veterinary practices, farms, or animal shelters.

Many universities expect applicants to have a range of practical experience with animals. This can include shadowing a vet, working on a farm, volunteering at an animal rescue centre, or helping at a stables. This experience shows your commitment and helps you understand the realities of the profession.

Complete a Veterinary Medicine Degree

Apply for a Veterinary Medicine Course

Apply to a Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons (RCVS) accredited university and complete a five or six year veterinary degree.

There are only a few universities in the UK offering veterinary medicine degrees, including the University of Cambridge, University of Edinburgh, University of Glasgow, University of Liverpool, University of Nottingham, and Royal Veterinary College. Entry is highly competitive, so strong academic results and relevant experience are crucial. The course covers animal biology, disease, surgery, and clinical placements.

Undertake Clinical Placements

Complete the practical placements required as part of your degree to gain real-world experience in veterinary settings.

Placements are a compulsory part of your veterinary degree. You will work in veterinary practices, farms, and sometimes zoos or laboratories, where you will develop practical skills under the supervision of qualified vets. These placements are vital for building your confidence and understanding of veterinary work.

Register and Begin Professional Practice

Register with the Royal College of Veterinary Surgeons

Upon graduating, register with the RCVS to practise legally as a veterinary surgeon in the UK.

Registration with the RCVS is a legal requirement for veterinary surgeons in the UK. Once you have your veterinary degree, you can apply for registration and use the title 'veterinary surgeon'. This allows you to work in private practices, animal charities, government agencies, or pursue further specialisation.

Seek Employment or Further Specialise

Apply for roles in veterinary practices or consider further training in specialist areas such as surgery, dentistry, or exotic animals.

Newly qualified vets often start in small animal, mixed, or farm practices. Over time, you may choose to specialise, undertake further qualifications, or move into research, public health, or teaching. Continued professional development is expected throughout your career.

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🎯 View Apprenticeships

Explore relevant apprenticeships that can help you kickstart your career in Veterinary Surgeon. Apprenticeships offer hands-on experience and training while earning a wage.

Career Progressions

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Sample Qualifications

A Veterinary Surgeon primarily performs surgical procedures on animals, which closely aligns with the skills and knowledge required for a human surgeon. Both roles involve diagnosing conditions, planning surgical interventions, and performing operations, making them very similar in terms of qualifications and expertise.

How to become

You can get into this job through a university course or an apprenticeship.

University

To become a surgeon you'll need to complete:

  • a degree in medicine recognised by the General Medical Council
  • a 2-year foundation programme of general training
  • core surgical training in a hospital which takes 2 years
  • specialist training which can take up to 6 years

A medical degree normally takes 5 years to complete. Some courses have the option to include an extra year if you want to study a subject further. This is called an intercalated year.

You might be able to study a foundation year before starting a medical degree. This will depend on your circumstances or if you have not studied enough sciences. Check with the admissions department where you want to study.

If you already have a degree, you could take a 4-year graduate entry route into medicine. There’s lots of competition and entry requirements vary, so check with the admissions department where you want to study.

Entry tests

When you apply for a course in medicine, you may be asked to take the University Clinical Aptitude Test (UCAT).

It tests the skills you'll need on the course, like critical thinking, problem solving, data analysis, communication and scientific knowledge.

Work experience

Medical schools will also expect you to have some relevant paid or voluntary work experience. The British Medical Association provides information on how to find a placement.

Entry requirements

You'll usually need:

  • at least 5 GCSEs grades 9 to 7 (A* or A), including English maths and sciences
  • 3 A levels, or equivalent, including biology and chemistry

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Apprenticeship

You might be able to do a doctor degree apprenticeship which will take around 5 years to complete.

The apprenticeship is recognised by the General Medical Council.

You could then progress to the foundation course of general training before completing the specialist training.

Entry requirements

Employers will set their own entry requirements.

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Volunteering

You can gain valuable caring skills from volunteering in education, health, charity or social care settings. You could:

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Registration

Career tips

The General Medical Council has a guide on what it means to be a good doctor. You might find this useful when preparing for medical school interviews.

You can use online resources to find out more about the types of interviews you can expect to get into for medical school.

Professional and industry bodies

You could join the British Medical Association for professional development and training opportunities.

Further information

You can find out more about becoming a surgeon from the Royal College of Surgeons and Health Careers.

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