English National Curriculum - Science
Mission Objectives
State the 3 types of nuclear radiation.
Rank the range and ionising ability of the 3 different types of radiation.
Describe the penetration power of the 3 types of radiation.
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Words and meanings to learn
penetrating power
The ability of a type of radiation to pass through materials.
alpha radiation
consists of alpha particles, which are made up of 2 protons and 2 neutrons (the same as a helium nucleus)
beta radiation
Beta radiation consists of beta particles, which are fast-moving, high-energy electrons
ionising power
the ability of radiation to knock electrons out of atoms, turning them into ions.
gamma radiation
Gamma radiation is a type of electromagnetic wave with no mass and no charge
Samantha is an accomplished science educator whose current work centres on curriculum design and professional development, supporting teachers to deliver high-quality science education through evidence-informed approaches. She is a former Head of Chemistry and Sixth Form Tutor with extensive Key Stage 4 and 5 experience, and has worked as an AQA examiner, giving her valuable insight into assessment standards and what students need to succeed.
Underpinning this is a strong foundation in applied science built across a range of industry roles. Samantha has held scientific roles at John Smith's Brewery, Yorkshire Water and WasteCare, where she led technical projects, drove operational efficiencies and ensured compliance with industry standards. Across these roles she has first-hand experience of how scientific knowledge translates into measurable outcomes in professional and commercial environments.
In her spare time, Samantha enjoys playing the accordion with her local orchestra and has recently taken up cricket.
Geiger-Müller Counter (Geiger Counter):
How it works: This device is used in class demonstrations to measure radiation from different sources. When brought near a radioactive source, the Geiger counter produces clicks or a visual display representing radiation levels.
Application: This model can show the different penetration abilities of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation:
Place paper over a source to stop alpha radiation.
Use aluminium to stop beta radiation.
Demonstrate that gamma radiation requires thicker shielding, such as lead
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