English National Curriculum - Science

The menstrual cycle

Mission Objectives

Describe the stages of the menstrual cycle

Explain the roles of the hormones FSH, LH, oestrogen and progesterone in controlling the menstrual cycle

Interpret graphs of hormone levels and uterine lining thickness during the menstrual cycle

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Keywords

Words and meanings to learn

progesterone

a hormone produced by the ovaries that maintains the lining of the uterus in preparation for pregnancy

follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

a hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates an egg to mature in the ovary and stimulates oestrogen production

luteinising hormone (LH)

a hormone released by the pituitary gland that triggers ovulation (the release of an egg)

ovulation

the release of a mature egg from the ovary, usually around day 14 of the menstrual cycle

menstrual cycle

a roughly 28-day cycle in which hormones control the maturation of an egg and changes to the uterus lining

This lesson has been written by

Samantha Batch

Samantha is an accomplished science educator with over 15 years of leadership experience and a strong background in scientific analysis. She has a proven record of leading departments effectively, improving practice, and working collaboratively with stakeholders.

In her current work, Samantha embeds evidence-informed pedagogical principles such as retrieval practice, clear modelling, and effective sequencing to support high-quality curriculum design and professional development. She draws on assessment insight and common misconceptions to help teachers secure strong student understanding.

She is a former Head of Chemistry and Sixth Form Tutor at Ilkley Grammar School, with extensive Key Stage 4 and 5 experience, and an AQA examiner, giving her valuable insight into assessment standards and exam requirements.

In her spare time, Samantha enjoys playing the accordion with her local orchestra and has recently taken up cricket. 

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