English National Curriculum - Science

The human digestive system

Mission Objectives

Describe the position and function of the organs in the digestive system

Summarise the function of the liver and pancreas in relation to the digestive system

Explain the route food takes through the body and the adaptations the body has to ensure maximum absorption of nutrients

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Lesson Plan

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Keywords

Words and meanings to learn

oesophagus

the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach.

pancreas

an organ in the digestive system which produces enzymes to break down food particles, as well as insulin and glucagon to regulate blood sugar.

small intestine

the longer intestine, where food is broken down into small particles and where these are absorbed into the bloodstream.

large intestine

The shorter, wider intestine where water is absorbed from undigested food into the bloodstream.

villi

finger-like structures which hugely increase the surface area of the small intestine, allowing more efficient absorption of digested nutrients into the bloodstream.

This lesson has been written by

Samantha Batch

Samantha is an accomplished science educator with over 15 years of leadership experience and a strong background in scientific analysis. She has a proven record of leading departments effectively, improving practice, and working collaboratively with stakeholders.

In her current work, Samantha embeds evidence-informed pedagogical principles such as retrieval practice, clear modelling, and effective sequencing to support high-quality curriculum design and professional development. She draws on assessment insight and common misconceptions to help teachers secure strong student understanding.

She is a former Head of Chemistry and Sixth Form Tutor at Ilkley Grammar School, with extensive Key Stage 4 and 5 experience, and an AQA examiner, giving her valuable insight into assessment standards and exam requirements.

In her spare time, Samantha enjoys playing the accordion with her local orchestra and has recently taken up cricket. 

Required Resources

  • Unlabelled diagram of the digestive system (see handout)
  • Calculators
  • Spare paper and coloured pens
  • String
  • Nail board (piece of wood with nails or push pins half driven into the wood at regular intervals throughout) or blu tack
  • Scissors

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