the inner tissue of a leaf, containing many chloroplasts

the upper or outer layer of the two main layers of cells that make up the skin; it is mostly made up of flat, scale-like cells called squamous cells

found in the mesophyll of a leaf, their main function is the absorption of light so that photosynthesis can take place

pores which are present in the lower epidermis of leaves and allow gas exchange between the plant and the atmosphere

the water-tight protective layer covering the upper epidermal cells of leaves and limiting water loss